Eclipse Models and Umbra/Penumbra Demos



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 Code Number :   8A10.30  

Disclaimer:

Reprinted by permission of Dick Berg, University of Maryland, for use on this website.

The demonstrations contained and referenced herein are listed for the purposes of cataloging and describing physics demonstrations which should be conducted only under the direction of a trained instructional support professional or physicist. These demonstrations are not presented for the purpose of being conducted by persons unconnected to this Facility and/or persons not consulting with or being supervised by the recognized instructional support professional or physicist and his/her staff. The University is responsible only for those demonstrations carried out using its own equipment using established safety and scheduling policies, and bears no responsibility for those choosing to use this source material for their own purposes. All demonstrations described and contained herein are public domain, and can also be found in reference materials in libraries, bookstores, and electronic sources.

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Condition :   Good  
Principle :   Umbra and Penumbra Shadows  
Area of Study :  Astronomy   
Equipment :   Optic rail, Pinhole light source or Laser, Screw in Globe 6' Dia., Ball on wire, Cardboard screen (white), circular cardboard plates, foam balls.

Procedure :   Place the orange foam ball in the center of the cardboard plate to represent the sun.  The small yellow ball (the moon) with the slit in it can be placed anywhere along the edge of the plate.  The green ball can be used to represent the Earth.  With this equipment you can now show that no matter what the orbits, there are only two times when all three objects have a collinear alignment for an eclipse.

Put the Screw in Globe Light source on the large plate at one end of the optics bench. Put the cardboard screen at the other end with the ball on the wire in the center of the bench so that you can move it to and away from the light source. Observe the shadow on the screen. In the larger lecture rooms you will have to show the shadows with the camera.

The earth, moon, sun demo can also be used to show an eclipse.  Note that the best times to get an eclipse with this model is when the Earth is straight up and down.  This usually is only done in small class rooms as the shadow is very small.

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   References

Charles A. Eckroth,  "A Demonstration of the Eclipse Seasons,"  TPT, Vol. 34, # 6, p. 376, (Sept. 1996).

 

Janice VanCleave,  "Mini-Eclipse,"  Astronomy for Every Kid - 101 Easy Experiments That Really Work, pp. 80-81.

Janice VanCleave,  "Shadows,"  Guide to More of the Best Science Fair Projects, pp. 36.

#10, "Shadow Parts,"  Janice VanCleave's 203 Icy, Freezing, Frosty, Cool, and Wild Experiments.

#12, "Shadow Size," Janice VanCleave's 204 Sticky, Gloppy, Wacky, and Wonderful Experiments.



Mail Questions and Comments to:  Dale Stille