Capacitor - Charge & Discharge



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 Code Number :   5C30.20  

Disclaimer:

Reprinted by permission of Dick Berg, University of Maryland, for use on this website.

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Condition :   Excellent   
Principle :   Charging and Discharging of a Capacitor  
Area of Study :  Electricity & Magnetism  
Equipment :   5000 V DC power supply, Oil-filled capacitor (2 mfd 5000 vdc), Large, plastic-handled screwdriver, Large Ball Peen Hammer, Genecon Generator, 1 F Capacitor, 150 VDC power supply, 150 V 10,000 MFD capacitor, 7.5 watt 120 V light bulb.

Procedure :   Connect the capacitor to the 5 KV power supply as shown. Turn on the power supply and push up the slide switch slowly so that the capacitor charges at a constant rate as shown on the meter on the power supply. When it reaches about 4500 volts, pull the slide switch down and shut off the power supply before discharging, so as not to damage the power supply. With the hammer or the screw driver discharge the capacitor.

Connect the Genecon to the 1 F capacitor and count the number of turns that you make with the Genecon.   Let go of the handle and the capacitor will discharge back through the Genecon and make it act like a motor (the handle will turn).  Interestingly enough the handle will turn in the same direction that you were turning it when you charged the capacitor.  Details of why this is can be found in the file.

Connect the 10,000 MFD capacitor to the 150 VDC power supply.  Charge to about 110 volts.  Disconnect the capacitor and connect it to the 7.5 watt light bulb.  It should take about 1 minute until the light bulb no longer glows visibly.

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   References

Joseph Priest,  "Meter Resistance: Don't Forget It!"  TPT, Vol. 41, # 1, p. 40, Jan 2003.

Melvin S. Steinberg, "Transient Lamp Lighting with High-Tech Capacitors", TPT, Vol. 25, # 2, Feb. 1987, p. 95.

Levi Gray, "Measuring the Energy Stored in a Capacitor", TPT, Vol. 18, # 4, Apr. 1980, p. 293.

 

Robert Ross, and Prasad Venugopal, "On the Problem of (Dis)Charging a Capacitor Through a Lamp", AJP, Vol. 74, # 6, June 2006, p. 523.

T. C. Choy, "Capacitors Can Radiate: Further Results For the Two-Capacitor Problem", AJP, Vol. 72, # 5, May 2004, p. 662.

Timothy B. Boykin, Dennis Hite, Negendra Singh, "The Two-Capacitor Problem with Radiation", AJP, Vol. 70, # 4, April 2002, p. 415.

A. Gangopadhyaya, J. V. Mallow, "Comment on 'Ideal Capacitor Circuits and Energy Conservation', by K. Mita and M. Boufaida [AJP, Vol. 67, # 8, Aug. 1999, p. 737.]", AJP, Vol. 68, # 7, July 2000, p. 670.

 

Ed-6, 8:  Freier and Anderson,  A Demonstration Handbook for Physics.

 

E-210:  "Sphere Gap Plus Capacitor,"  DICK and RAE Physics Demo Notebook.

 

Ronald Newburgh, "Two Theorems on Dissipative Energy Losses in Capacitor Systems", Physics Education, Vol. 40 (4), July 2005, p. 370. 

 

"176, A Real Capacitor,"  Christopher P. Jargodzki and Franklin Potter,  Mad About Physics, p. 68, 210.

Robert Ehrlich,  "Discharging a Capacitor Through a Light Bulb,"  Turning the World Inside Out, p. 150-151.



Mail Questions and Comments to:  Dale Stille