Fiber Optics - Light Pipes




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 Code Number :   6A44.40  

Disclaimer:

Reprinted by permission of Dick Berg, University of Maryland, for use on this website.

The demonstrations contained and referenced herein are listed for the purposes of cataloging and describing physics demonstrations which should be conducted only under the direction of a trained instructional support professional or physicist. These demonstrations are not presented for the purpose of being conducted by persons unconnected to this Facility and/or persons not consulting with or being supervised by the recognized instructional support professional or physicist and his/her staff. The University is responsible only for those demonstrations carried out using its own equipment using established safety and scheduling policies, and bears no responsibility for those choosing to use this source material for their own purposes. All demonstrations described and contained herein are public domain, and can also be found in reference materials in libraries, bookstores, and electronic sources.

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Condition :   Excellent   
Principle :   Critical Angle & Total Internal Reflection
Area of Study :  Optics  
Equipment :   Plexiglas spiral rod, Helium-neon lasers (2 to 5 mw.), Light pipes (assorted), Homemade light pipes (Tygon tubing and glass or Plexiglas windows), Fiber optics cables, Fiber optics Demonstrator, Y - Rod Light Pipe and Holder, Laser beam expander lenses, Fiber Optics Lamp, deck prism, ulexite, and glycerin.
  
Procedure :   Use the laser as the light source to show the transmission properties of the light pipes. With the optical path demonstrator and a laser you can show the path of a light beam through a straight or curved light pipe. Put the beam expander onto the laser and shine this down the length of the Y - Rod light pipe. A screen may be used to show how the beam follows the rod. The homemade light pipes will have to be refilled with water periodically. This can be done easily with a disposable syringe and small needle.

The deck prism is a very primitive fiber optic conduit used primarily in sailing ships.

The ulexite is sometimes called "TV Rock".  It is a natural fiber optics matrix made up of sodium calcium borate crystals in a tubular arrangement.  

Two sets of fiber optics light pipes from the fiber optics demonstrator kit may be used to show some interesting effects.  Wet the end of one of the light pipes with glycerin and press to the other light pipe at the position where the laser beam strikes the edge.  The laser beam should be directed outside the first light pipe and into the second.

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   References

P. J. Ouseph, "Colgate-Plus" -  An Imperfect Light Pipe", TPT, Vol. 31, # 6, Oct. 1993, p. 405.

Ellen Schmidt, "Laser Light Gets Everyone's Attention", TPT, Vol. 27, # 1, Jan. 1989, p. 30.

Dale Edgar,  "Simulating Optical Fibers,"  TPT, Vol. 26, # 8, p. 504, (November 1988).

J. Hellemans, "A Simple Demonstration of the Total Internal Reflection in Fibers", TPT, Vol. 22, # 9, Dec. 1984, p. 589. 

Matt Young, "Optical Communication", TPT, Vol. 11, # 6, Sept. 1973, p. 353.

 

Od-2, 3, Oe-1, 7:  Freier and Anderson,  A Demonstration Handbook for Physics.

 

O-255:  "Fiber Optics - Rod, Ball, & Cyl."  DICK and Physics Demo Notebook.

 

"Fiber Optics: Carrying Sounds on Light Beams," Reader Digest: How in the World, p. 228 - 229.

John H. Moore, Christopher C. Davis, Michael A. Coplan,  "Fiber Optics,"  Building Scientific Apparatus 2nd Edition,  p. 168-175.

Robert E. Iannini, "Fiberoptic Communication," Build Your Own Working Fiber Optics, Infrared and Laser Space-Age Projects,  p. 63-77.

Robert Ehrlich,  "TV Rock,"  Turning the World Inside Out, p. 180.

Brian Jones and Matt Fackelman, "Light Pipe", Don't Forget the Duct Tape, p. 73 - 76.



Created by Robert Johnson, Jeremy Eble, Chad Johnson, and Adam Johanns.