| The Physics of Sports |
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| Web Links |
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"Archery" Physics of Archery sites. http://www.stortford-archers.org.uk/medieval.htm http://www.student.utwente.nl/~sagi/artikel/
"Baseball" Physics and Acoustics of Baseball & Softball Bats by Daniel A. Russell, Science & Mathematics Department, Kettering University. http://www.kettering.edu/~drussell/bats-new/ball-bat-0.html Physics of Sport on the Web www.physics.usyd.edu.au/~cross/baseball.html www.kettering.edu/~drussell/bats.html The Physics of Baseball http://www.npl.uiuc.edu/~a-nathan/pob
"Basketball" Physics of Sport on the Web http://www.scire.com/sds/sdsmenu.html http://www.fearofphysics.com/Proj/proj.html http://www.geocities.com/thesciencefiles/physicsof/basketball.html
"Billiards" http://billiards.colostate.edu "Cricket" Physics of Sport on the Web www.scienceinafrica.co.za/2002/december/bounce.htm www.phys.unsw.edu.au/~jw/cricket.html http://www.tickey.co.za/cricket/maths%20and%20physics%20of%20cricket.pdf
"Cycling" Physics of Sport on the Web http://www.analyticcycling.com/. http://www.helmets.org/henderso.htm http://www.canecreek.com/site/product/wheels/info/proof.html http://www.princeton.edu/~asmits/Bicycle_web/bicycle_aero.html http://links.math.rpi.edu/devmodules/bicycle/index.html
"Dance" Physics in Sport on the Web http://physics.dickinson.edu/~podance/podance_homepage.html http://web.hep.uiuc.edu/home/g-gollin/dance/dance_physics.html
"Football" Physics of Sport on the Web http://physics.unl.edu/outreach/football.html http://www.howstuffworks.com/question225.htm "Golf" Physics of Sport on the Web kingfish.coastal.edu/physics/projects/2000_Spring/golf/ sportsillustrated.cnn.com/augusta/cool_stuff/physics/index.html www.nationalsciencecenter.org/FortDiscovery/RiverFrontPlazaBalcony/demos/parabola/ParabolicGolfApplet.htm "Gymnastics" Physics of Sport on the Web http://www.angelfire.com/sc2/physics212/ http://www.geocities.com/bright_effect/physics.html
"Javelin" Physics of Sport on the Web http://webphysics.iupui.edu/152/152f02/152Basics/projectiles/projectiles.html
"Kayaking" Physics of Sport on the Web http://www.oneoceankayaks.com/kayakpro/kayakgrid.htm http://www.seakayak.ws/kayak/kayak.nsf/NavigationList/NT0001DD22 http://home.messiah.edu/~barrett/mpg/mpg.html http://www.thinkquest.org/library/site_sum.html?tname=3042&url=3042/java/linear_demo.html
"Mountains" Physics of Sport on the Web http://www.physicscentral.com/people/people-02-9.html http://motionmountain.dse.nl/welcome.html http://physics.k12albemarle.org/teacher/Planet/home.html http://ffden-2.phys.uaf.edu/211_fall2002.web.dir/Marvin%20Casanova/design.htm http://www.bomberonline.com/articles/physics.cfm http://www.miniclip.com/snowboardingxs.htm http://modena.intergate.ca/business/kas/skydive/faq.htm "Paintball" Physics of Sport on the Web http://home.comcast.net/~dyrgcmn/pball/trajectory.html http://www.warpig.com/paintball/technical/gasses/co2dynamics.shtml
"Pole Vaulting" Physics of Sport on the Web http://www.aip.org/png/html/polevault.html http://www.physics.carleton.ca/~watson/1000_level/ph14e/ph14e/mfbar2.htm http://www.uvi.edu/Physics/SCI3xxWeb/Electrical/magnetism.html "Rugby" Physics of Sport on the Web www.npl.co.uk/time/msf.html www.citizenphil.co.uk/rugby/index.html news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/rugby_union/rugby_world_cup/kicking_kings/default.stm
"Soccer" Physics of Sport on the Web http://www.albertson.edu/physics/PHY271_F01/Projects-2002/whit,%20caleb,%20bill%20project/whit,%20caleb,%20bill%20project.htm http://physicsweb.org/article/world/11/6/8#world-11-6-8-1 http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Horizon/8596/ssoccer.html http://www.oceansiderevolution.com/EINSTEIN.HTM http://www.denmarkemb.org/bohr.html
"Skating" Physics of Sport on the Web http://btc.montana.edu/olympics/physbio/biomechanics/cam-intro.html
"Skydiving" Physics of Sport on the Web http://www.canadianarrow.com/spacediving.htm http://departments.weber.edu/physics/amiri/director/dcrfiles/airResistance/ChuteTwoS.dcr http://physics.k12albemarle.org/teacher/projectile/terminal/home.html
"Surfing" Physics of Sport on the Web http://www1.tpgi.com.au/users/mpaine/thesis.html http://www.blackmagic.com/ses/surf/papers/physicsgrm.html http://www.blackmagic.com/ses/surf/papers/mywaveproject.html
"Tennis" Physics of Sport on the Web http://www.physicscentral.com/news/news-01-10.html http://users.wpi.edu/~tanguyen/tennis.html http://www.engin.swarthmore.edu/~kpao/first.html#tennis
http://physics.usyd.edu.au/~cross/tennis.html http://www.itftennis.com/technical http://www.tennisserver.com/set
"Weights" Physics of Sport on the Web http://www.bodybuilding.com/fun/becker2.htm http://ffden-2.phys.uaf.edu/211_fall2002.web.dir/Peter_Broady/Pages/Homepage.htm http://www.exploratorium.edu/ronh/weight/
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| References |
| "General"
John Eric Goff, "A Fun General Education Physics Course: Physics of Sports", TPT, Vol. 42, # 5, May 2004, p. 280. Don Ellis, "Practical Physics", TPT, Vol. 42, # 6, Sept. 2004, p. 324. Ole Anton Haugland, "Physics Measurements for Sports", TPT, Vol. 39, # 6, Sept. 2001, p. 350. Priscilla Laws and Hans Pfister, "Using Digital Video Analysis in Introductory Mechanics Projects", TPT, Vol. 36, # 5, May 1998, p. 282. Angelo Armenti, Jr., "Physics and Sport: A New Course for Non-Science Majors", TPT, Vol. 12, # 6, Sept. 1974, p. 349.
Daniel J. Graham, David V. Schacht, "Simple Estimate of the Human Metabolic Rate", AJP, Vol. 69, # 6, p. 723, June 2001.
Gary Williams, "Exercising Your Mind: Discover The Physics of Sport On The Web", Physics Education, Vol. 39, (4), July 2004, p. 356. "Archery" Rod Cross, "Why Bows Get Stiffer And Racquets Get Softer When The Strings Are Added", AJP, Vol. 69, # 8, p. 907, Aug. 2001. "Ballet" Robert Kunzig, "The Physics of Ballet", Physical Sciences, Spring 2001, p. 190. "Baseball" David Kagan, David Atkinson, "The Coefficient of Restitution of Baseballs as a Function of Relative Humidity", TPT, Vol. 42, # 6, Sept. 2004, p. 330. Herbert Ringel, "Graphing Henry Aaron's Home-Run Output", TPT, Vol. 40, # 4, Apr. 2002, p. 251. Arthur Eisenkraft, "The Softball Trajectory: An Outdoor Lab", TPT, Vol. 23, # 5, May. 1985, p. 300 - 301. Peter J. Brancazio, "Trajectory of a Fly Ball", TPT, Vol. 23, # 1, Jan. 1985, p. 20 - 23. H. L. Armstrong, "Comments on the Flight of Baseball", TPT, Vol. 6, # 8, Nov. 1968, p. 433. J.D. Patterson, "Home Run Hitting", TPT, Vol. 5, # 4, April 1967, p. 157.
Rod Cross, Alan M. Nathan, "Scattering of a Baseball by a Bat", Vol. 74, # 10, Oct. 2006, p. 896. G. S. Sawicki, M. Hubbard, W. J. Stronge, "Erratum: Reply to Comment on Gregory S. Sawicki, Mont Hubbard, William J. Stronge, 'How to Hit Home Runs: Optimum Baseball Bat Swing Parameters for Maximum Range Trajectories', AJP, Vol. 71, # 11, Nov. 2003, p. 1152", AJP, Vol. 73, # 4, April, 2005, p. 365. Rod Cross, "A Double Pendulum Swing Experiment: In Search of a Better Bat", AJP, Vol. 73, # 4, April 2005, p. 330. G. S. Sawicki, M. Hubbard, W. J. Stronge, "Reply to Comment on Gregory S. Sawicki, Mont Hubbard, William J. Stronge, 'How to Hit Home Runs: Optimum Baseball Bat Swing Parameters for Maximum Range Trajectories', AJP, Vol. 71, # 11, Nov. 2003, p. 1152", AJP, Vol. 73, # 2, Feb. 2005, p. 185. Robert K. Adair, "Comment on Gregory S. Sawicki, Mont Hubbard, William J. Stronge, "How to Hit Home Runs: Optimum Baseball Bat Swing Parameters for Maximum Range Trajectories', AJP, Vol. 71, # 11, Nov. 2003, p. 1152", AJP, Vol. 73, # 2, Feb. 2005, p. 184 Rod Cross, "Center of Percussion of Hand-Held Implements", AJP, Vol. 72, # 5, May 2004, p. 622. Rod Cross, "Physics of Overarm Throwing", AJP, Vol. 72, # 3, Mar. 2004, p. 305. Gregory S. Sawicki, Mont Hubbard, William J. Stronge, "How to Hit Home Runs: Optimum Baseball Bat Swing Parameters for Maximum Range Trajectories", AJP, Vol. 71, # 11, Nov. 2003, p. 1152. Alan M. Nathan, "Characterizing the Performance of Baseballs", AJP, Vol. 71, # 2, Feb. 2003, p. 134. Rod Cross, "Response to "Comment on 'The Sweet Spot of a Baseball Bat' " ", AJP, Vol. 69, # 2, p. 231, Feb. 2001. Robert K. Adair, "Comment on "The Sweet Spot of a Baseball Bat" ", AJP, Vol. 69, # 2, p. 229, Feb. 2001. Alan M. Nathan, "Dynamics of the Baseball-Bat Collision", AJP, Vol. 68, # 11, p. 979, Nov. 2000. Robert G. Watts, Eric Sawyer, "Aerodynamics of a Knuckleball", AJP, Vol. 43, # 11, Nov. 1975, p. 960.
Robert K. Adair, "The Physics of Baseball", Physics Today, May 1995, p. 26. Davin Coburn, "Anatomy of a Swing", Popular Mechanics, June 2007, p. 100. Peter J.Brancazio, "How Do You Throw A Curve Ball?", 1987-88 Cenco Catalog "Basketball" Peter J.Brancazio, "Why Do Good Jumpers Seem to Hang in the Air?", 1990 Cenco Catalog "Bicycles" Randy Knight, "The Bicyclist's Paradox", TPT, Vol. 46, # 5, May 2008, p. 275. William M. Wehrbein, "Wheelies and Headers, or How to Keep Both Bicycle Wheels on the Ground", TPT, Vol. 42, # 1, Jan. 2004, p. 27. William M. Wehrbein, "Collecting and Recording Bicycle Speed Data by CBL", TPT, Vol. 41, # 4, Apr. 2003, p. 243. Manfred Euler, Gert Braune, and Soenke Schaal, "Collecting Kinematics Data Over Long Time Intervals", TPT, Vol. 38, # 7, Oct. 2000, p. 434. Chris Waltham, "Power Requirements for Rollerblading and Bicycling", TPT, Vol. 37, # 6, Sept. 1999, p. 379. Gilbert H. Ward, "Can a West Wind Impede a Cyclist's Northward Motion?", TPT, Vol. 37, # 6, Sept. 1999, p. 352. Robert G. Hunt, "Bicycles in the Physics Lab", TPT, Vol. 27, # 3, Mar. 1989, p. 160. J.D. Nightingale, "Which Way Will the Bike Move?", TPT, Vol. 31, # 4, Apr. 1993, p. 244. Garold T. Hageseth, "The Physics of an Exercise Bike", TPT, Vol. 26, # 4, Apr. 1988, p. 226. Brynjolf Dokken, "More on Bicycle Physics", H. Richard Crane, TPT, Vol. 22, # 2, Feb. 1984, p. 138. Thomas Greenslade, Jr., "The Author Replies", H. Richard Crane, TPT, Vol. 22, # 3, Mar. 1984, p. 138. Thomas B. Greenslade, Jr., "More Bicycle Physics", TPT, Vol. 21, # 6, Sept. 1983, p. 360.
Benjamin Lee Hannas, John Eric Goff, "Model of the 2003 Tour de France", AJP, Vol. 72, # 5, May 2004, p. 575. J. Fajans, "Steering in Bicycles and Motorcycles", AJP, Vol. 68, # 7, p. 654, July 2000. J. Lowell, H. D. McKell, "The Stability of Bicycles", AJP, Vol. 50, # 12, Dec. 1982, p. 1106.
Diane Talbot, "Materials Make The Wheels of Bike Design Go Round", Physics Education, Vol. 39, # 4, July 2004, p. 329.
David E.H. Jones, "The Stability of The Bicycle", Physics Today, April 1970, p. 34, and reprinted in Physics Today, p. 51, Sept. 2006. Peter J.Brancazio, "How Do You Balance a Bicycle?", 1987- 88 Cenco Catalog. "Bowling" Tim Burgess, "The Physics of Bowling", TPT, Vol. 34, # 5, May 1996, p. 316.
Cliff Frohlich, "What Makes Bowling Balls Hook?", AJP, Vol. 72, # 9, Sept. 2004, p. 1170.
D. C. Hopkins and J. D. Patterson, "Bowling Frames: Paths of a Bowling Ball", AJP, Vol. 45, # 3, March 1977, p. 263. "Bungee Jumping" Hubert Biezeveld, "The Bungee Jumper: A Comparison of Predicted and Measured Values", TPT, Vol. 41, # 4, Apr. 2003, p. 238. David Kagan and Alan Kott, "The Greater- than-g Acceleration of a Bungee Jumper", TPT, Vol. 34, # 6, Sept. 1996, p. 368. Paul G. Menz, "The Physics of Bungee Jumping", TPT, Vol. 31, # 8, Nov. 1993, p. 483. Robert J. Beichner, "Theory and Experiment", TPT, Vol. 31, # 9, Dec. 1993, p. 519. Paul G. Menz, "Correction", TPT, Vol. 32, # 2, Nov. 1994, p. 68.
Paul Horton, "Elastic Experiment is Licensed to Thrill", Physics Education, Vol. 39, (4), July 2004, p. 326. "Curling" K. S. Armstrong, "The Physics of Curling", TPT, Vol. 19, # 7, Oct. 1971, p. 384.
A. Raymond Penner, "The Physics of Sliding Cylinders and Curling Rocks", AJP, Vol. 69, # 3, p. 332, March 2001. "Dance" Toni Feder, "Dance for Physics", Physics Today, May 2005, p. 34. "Diving" Marcel Aguilella-Arzo, Andtoio Alcaraz, and Vincente M. Aguilella, "Heat Loss and Hypothermia in Free Diving: Estimation of Survival Time Under Water", AJP, Vol. 71, # 4, April 2003, p. 333. "Firefighting" Robert A. Egler, "The Physics of Firefighting", TPT, Vol. 28, # 9, Dec. 1990, p. 599. "Football" Albert A. Bartlett, "Television, Football, and Physics: Experiments in Kinematics", TPT, Vol. 43, # 6, p. 393, (Sept. 2005). Bernard J. Feldman, "Behind the Line of Scrimmage?", TPT, Vol. 41, # 2, Feb. 2004, p. 68. Gregory A. DiLisi and Richard Rachik, "Author's Response", TPT, Vol. 42, # 2, Feb. 2004, p. 68. Gregory A. DiLisi, Richard Rachik, "Monday Night Football: Physics Decides Controversial Call", TPT, Vol. 41, # 8, Nov. 2003, p. 454. Norman F. Derby, Robert G. Fuller, Thomas A. Summers, "A Football Chase on Video", TPT, Vol. 35, # 6, Sept. 1997, p. 359. James O'Connell, "Pursuit and Evasion Strategies in Football", TPT, Vol. 33, # 8, Nov. 1995, p. 516. A. Tan, "More On Kicking a Football", TPT, Vol. 26, # 4, Apr. 1988, p. 200. Peter J. Brancazio, "Response", TPT, Vol. 26, # 4, Apr. 1988, p. 200. Ray F. Euclide, "Kicking a Football: Solution I", TPT, Vol. 25, # 5, May 1987, p. 263 - 264. Peter J. Brancazio, "Response", TPT, Vol. 25, # 5, May 1987, p. 264. John H. Harrison, "Kicking a Football: Solution II", TPT, Vol. 25, # 5, May 1987, p. 264. Peter J. Brancazio, "Response", TPT, Vol. 25, # 5, May 1987, p. 264. Peter J. Brancazio, "The Physics of Kicking a Football", TPT, Vol. 23, # 7, Oct. 1985, p. 403 - 407. T. R. Sandin, "Getting Kicks in Physics", TPT, Vol. 23, # 1, Jan. 1985, p. 6, 62. Professor Peter J. Brancazio, "Why Does a Football Keep its Axis Pointing Along its Trajectory?", TPT, Vol. 23, # 9, Dec. 1985, p. 571 - 573. Albert A. Bartlon, "Television, Football, and Physics: Experiments in Kinematics", TPT, Vol. 22, # 6, Sept. 1984, p. 386 - 387.
Robert G. Walls, and Gary Moore, "The Drag Force on an American Football", AJP, Vol. 71, # 8, Aug. 2003, p. 791.
Peter J.Brancazio, "Why Should You Spiral a Football?", 1990 Cenco Catalog. "Gliding" Kenneth W. Ford, "The Physics of Soaring", TPT, Vol. 38, # 1, Jan. 2000, p. 8. "Erratum", TPT, Vol. 38, # 3, Mar. 2000, p. 133. "Golf" Scott K. Perry, "The Proof Is in the Putting", TPT, Vol. 40, # 7, Oct. 2002, p. 411.
Rod White, "On the Efficiency of the Golf Swing", AJP, Vol. 74, # 12, Dec. 2006, p. 1088. Marco Gualtieri, Tadashi Tokieda, L. Advis-Gaete, B. Carry, E. Reffet, Claude Guthmann, "Erratum: 'Golfer's Dilemma, AJP, Vol. 74, # 6, June 2006", AJP, Vol. 74, # 12, Dec. 2006, p. 1149. Marco Gualtieri, Tadashi Tokieda, L. Advis-Gaete, B. Carry, E. Reffet, Claude Guthmann, "Golfer's Dilemma", AJP, Vol. 74, # 6, June 2006. A. Raymond Penner, "The Physics Of Golf: The Convex Face Of A Driver", AJP, Vol. 69, # 10, p. 1073, Oct. 2001. A. Raymond Penner, "The Physics Of Golf: The Optimum Loft of a Driver", AJP, Vol. 69, # 5, p. 563, May 2001.
Peter J. Brancazio, "Why Does a Golf Ball Have Dimples?", 1990 Cenco Catalog. "Horse Racing" Graeme D. Putt, "Racetrack Physics", TPT, Vol. 39, # 1, Jan. 2001, p. 40. Andre Bellemans, "More Racetrack Physics", TPT, Vol. 39, # 5, May 2001, p. 263. Graeme D. Putt, "Response to Bellemans", TPT, Vol. 39, # 5, May 2001, p. 264. "Javelin/Spear Throwing" Richard A. Baugh, "Dynamics of Spear Throwing", AJP, Vol. 71, # 4, April 2003, p. 345. "Juggling" Bengt Magnusson, Bruce Tiemann, "Relabel Your Diagram", TPT, Vol. 28, # 3, Mar. 1990, p. 199. Eric Kincanon, "Juggling and the Theorist", TPT, Vol. 28, # 3, March, 1990, p. 221. Bengt Magnusson, Bruce Tiemann, "The Physics of Juggling", TPT, Vol. 27, # 8, Nov. 1989, p. 584. "Jumping" O. Helene, M. T. Yamashita, "A Unified Model for the Long and High Jump", AJP, Vol. 73, # 10, Oct. 2005, p. 906. Andrew Rex, "Answer to Question # 58, Is a Good Long Jumper a Good High Jumper?", AJP, Vol. 69, # 2, p. 104, Feb. 2001. Stephen Hanzely, "Answer to Question # 58, Is a Good Long Jumper a Good High Jumper?", AJP, Vol. 69, # 2, p. 105, Feb. 2001. John D. Barrow, "Answer to Question # 58, Is a Good Long Jumper a Good High Jumper?", AJP, Vol. 69, # 2, p. 105, Feb. 2001. Nicholas P. Linthorne, "Analysis Of Standing Vertical Jumps Using a Force Platform", AJP, Vol. 69, # 11, p. 1198, Nov. 2001. "Karate - Martial Arts" Shane Garrett Landry, Grant R. Denn, "Classroom Use of Martial Arts Exhibitions", TPT, Vol. 44, # 7, Oct. 2006, p. 430. George A. Amann and Floyd T. Holt, "Karate Demonstration", TPT, Vol. 23, # 1, Jan. 1985, p. 40. Haywood Blum, " Physics and the Art of Kicking and Punching", AJP, Vol. 45, # 1, Jan. 1977, p. 61. Jearl D. Walker, "Karate Strikes", AJP, Vol. 43, # 10, Oct. 1975, p. 845.
Peter J.Brancazio, "How Do Karate Experts Break Boards With Their Bare Hands?", 1990 Cenco Catalog. "Kite Flying" David Kagan and Michael McGie, "Some Physics of Kite Strings", TPT, Vol. 35, # 4, Apr. 1997, p. 202. "Motocross" Jeffrey R. Giles and Charles D. Ross, "The Physics of Motocross", TPT, Vol. 34, # 4, Apr. 1996, p. 220. "Ping-Pong" Chris M Graney, "Taking a Swat at Physics with a Ping-Pong Paddle", TPT, Vol. 32, # 2, Feb. 1994, p. 94. "Push - ups" Saffar Arjmandi, Joseph G. Brinkman, and Terrence P. Toepker, "Physical Push-ups", TPT, Vol. 41, # 6, Sept. 2003, p. 323. Richard Summers, "On Physical Push-ups", TPT, Vol. 41, # 8, Nov. 2003, p. 444. Walter C. Connolly, "The Physics of Sport Activities", TPT, Vol. 16, # 6, Sept. 1978, p. 392. "Roller Skates & Roller Blades" Eugenia Etkina, "Physics on Rollerblades", TPT, Vol. 36, # 1, Jan. 1998, p. 32. Peter Siegel, "Physics on a Roll", TPT, Vol. 36, # 3, Mar. 1998, p. 132. "Running" Thomas B. Greenslade Jr., "Student Power", TPT, Vol. 40, # 7, Oct. 2002, p. 443. Don Wilke, "Running Starts", TPT, Vol. 40, # 9, Dec. 2002, p. 516. Michael de Villiers, "How Does the Wind Affect Road-Running Achievement?", TPT, Vol. 29, # 5, May 1991, p. 286. "Sailing" Bryon D. Anderson, "The Physics of Sailing", Physics Today, February 2008, p. 38. Peter J.Brancazio, "How Does a Boat Sail into the Wind?", 1990 Cenco Catalog. "Skateboarding" Stewart Bridgman, Jr., and Donald F. Collins, "Human Body Motion in an Ollie", TPT, Vol. 30, # 8, Nov. 1992, p. 498. Brian Broadt and Chris Necochea, Stephen P. Jacobsen, "What's an Ollie?", TPT, Vol. 29, # 8, Nov. 1991, p. 498. "Skiing & Ice Skating" "Surface Melting and Ice Skating", TPT, Vol. 39, # 4, Apr. 2001, p. 254. Derek B. Swinson, "Ski Chairlift Experiments", TPT, Vol. 35, # 9, Dec. 1997, p. 528. Albert A. Bartlett, "What Happens When the Ski Lift Stops?", TPT, Vol. 35, # 7, Oct. 1997, p. 444. Derek B. Swinson, "Ski Chairlift Physics", TPT, Vol. 34, # 8, Nov. 1996, p. 474. James D. White, "The Role of Surface Melting in Ice Skating", TPT, Vol. 30, # 8, Nov. 1992, p. 495. Derek B. Swinson, "Physics and Skiing", TPT, Vol. 30, # 8, Nov. 1992, p. 458. Albert A. Bartlett, "Physics and Skiing Record", TPT, Vol. 28, # 2, Feb. 1990, p. 72. Thomas Rossing, "Why Do Skiers Lean Forward (or Backward)?", TPT, Vol. 26, # 2, Feb. 1988, p. 71. F. P. Gram, "More Skiers Learning Forward", TPT, Vol. 26, # 2, Feb. 1988, p. 71. Albert A. Bartlett, Paul Hewitt, "Response", TPT, Vol. 26, # 2, Feb. 1988, p. 72. Phillip W. Gronseth and Marc A. Hallada, "Skiing Revisited - To Lean or Not to Lean?", TPT, Vol. 26, # 9, Dec. 1988, p. 584. Albert A. Bartlett and Paul G. Hewitt. "Why the Ski Instructor Says, 'Lean Forward!'" TPT, Vol. 25, # 1, p. 28, (January 1987). Albert A. Bartlett, Paul G. Hewitt, "Why the Ski Instructors Says, "Learn Forward!", TPT, Vol. 25, # 1, Jan. 1987, p. 28. Paul Hickman, "Skiing in the Classroom", TPT, Vol. 25, # 6, Sept. 1987, p. 353. Rob Hignell, Colin Terry, "Why Do Downhill Racers Pre-jump?", TPT, Vol. 23, # 8, Nov. 1985, p. 487 - 488. Richard Parker, Arthur Eisenkraft, Angelo Armenti, Jr., "How Can a Downhill Skier Move Faster Than a Sky Diver?", TPT, Vol. 22, # 2, Feb. 1984, p. 109. Derek B. Swinson, "Skiing and Angular Momentum: A Proposed Experiment", TPT, Vol. 11, # 7, Oct. 1973, p. 415. J. A. Eades, "Missing the Point", TPT, Vol. 11, # 9, Dec. 1973, p. 517. John I. Shonle, "The Author Replies", TPT, Vol. 11, # 9, Dec. 1973, p. 517. John I. Shonle and Douglas L. Nordick, "The Physics of Ski Turns", TPT, Vol. 10, # 9, Dec. 1972, p. 491.
Peter J.Brancazio, "How do Downhill Skiers Improve Their Performance?", 1990 Cenco Catalog. "Skydiving" Glenn Wagner and Robert Wood, "Skydiver Survives Death Plunge" (and physics that helped)", TPT, Vol. 34, # 8, Nov. 1996, p. 543. John A. Varriano, "Energy Diagrams with Drag Forces", TPT, Vol. 34, # 9, Dec. 1996, p. 546. Richard Parker, Arthur Eisenkraft, Angelo Armenti, Jr., "How Can a Downhill Skier Move Faster than a Sky Diver?", TPT, Vol. 22, # 2, Feb. 1984, p. 109. "Snowboarding" Derek B.Swinson, "Physics and Snowboarding", TPT, Vol. 32, # 9, Dec. 1994, p. 530. Michael J O'Shea, "Snowboard Jumping, Newton's Second Law and the Force on Landing", Physics Education, Vol. 39, (4), p. 335. "Soccer" Armando Vieira, "Comment on 'Kick-Off'", TPT, Vol. 44, # 7, Oct. 2006, p. 406. Armando Vieira, "Kick-Off", TPT, Vol. 44, # 5, May 2006, p. 286. "Stilts" David J. Smith, "Friction and the Balanced Mocko Jumbie", TPT, Vol. 35, # 8, Nov. 1997, p. 466. "Surfing" Ronald Edge, "Surf Physics," TPT, Vol. 39, # 5, p. 272, (May 2001).
Takeshi Sugimoto, "Mechanics of the Surf Skimmer Revisited", AJP, Vol. 71, # 2, Feb. 2003, p. 144.
"Breaking The Waves: Uncovering the Ancient Heritage-and Religious Origins-of Surfing", The Truth about History, Readers Digest, ISBN 0-7621-0523-2. "Swimming" H. Richard Crane, "Bad Timing in Swimming Races: A Physicist to the Rescue", TPT, Vol. 37, # 2, Feb. 1999, p. 90. Laurette McCormick, "Application of Physics to Synchronized Swimming", TPT, Vol. 35, # 4, Apr. 1997, p. 140. P.L.Page, "The Mechanics of Swimming and Diving", TPT, Vol. 14, # 2, , Feb. 1976, p. 72. "Swinging" Donald G. Bruns, "Synchronized Swinging", TPT, Vol. 26, # 4, Apr. 1988, p. 220. "Tennis" Rod Cross, "The Dual Function of Sand on a Clay Tennis Court", TPT, Vol. 39, # 6, Sept. 2001, p. 330. John Eng and Thomas Lietman, "Measuring the Velocity of Tennis Serve", TPT, Vol. 32, # 3, March 1994, p. 168. Howard Brody, "The Tennis-Ball Bounce Test", TPT, Vol. 28, # 6, Sept. 1990, p. 407. Howard Brody, "The Moment of Inertia of a Tennis Racket", TPT, Vol. 23, # 4, Apr. 1985, p. 213 - 216. Howard Brody, "That's How the Ball Bounces", TPT, Vol. 22, # 8, Nov. 1984, p. 494 - 497.
Rod Cross, "Bounce of a Spinning Ball Near Normal Incidence", AJP, Vol. 73, # 10, Oct. 2005, p. 914. Rod Cross, "Why Bows Get Stiffer And Racquets Get Softer When The Strings Are Added", AJP, Vol. 69, # 8, p. 907, Aug. 2001. Rod Cross, "The Coefficient of Restitution for Collisions of Happy Balls, Unhappy Balls, and Tennis Balls", AJP, Vol. 68, # 11, p. 1025, Nov. 2000.
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